Advanced surgical intervention and comprehensive anesthetic management in the rehabilitation of a Crab-eating raccoon (Procyon cancrivorus) following severe polytrauma

Julia Penna de  Andrade; Marcelo Pires Nogueira de  Carvalho; Adriano de Abreu Corteze; Bruno Ferrante; Carolina Lago Biscoto; Jhonatan de Andrade  Caetano; Eutálio Luiz Mariani  Pimenta

doi:10.4025/actascianimsci.v48.i1.74364

Authors

Julia Penna de Andrade Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2108-9748
Marcelo Pires Nogueira de Carvalho Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
Adriano de Abreu Corteze Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
Bruno Ferrante Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
Carolina Lago Biscoto Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
Jhonatan de Andrade Caetano Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
Eutálio Luiz Mariani Pimenta Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v48.i1.74364

Keywords:

osteosynthesis; veterinary surgery; wildlife rehabilitation; ballistic injury

Abstract

The Crab-eating raccoon (Procyon cancrivorus) is widely distributed in Brazil's diverse ecosystems. This case report describes the treatment and rehabilitation of a 6.8 kg male Procyon cancrivorus with severe polytrauma, including fractures in both pelvic limbs, following a ballistic injury. Physical examination revealed body score condition score of one out of nine, significant bruising, lacerations, hypocolored and dehydrated mucous membranes, and muscle atrophy. The animal presented anemia and leukocytosis. Radiographs revealed oblique and comminuted fractures in the proximal and middle diaphysis regions of the femur, and metallic foreign body in the right femur and cervical region at the level of C1. Surgical intervention was performed under general anesthesia, using a combination of propofol, midazolam, and sevoflurane, with epidural anesthesia for pain management. Osteosynthesis involved the application of a 2.7 mm bridge plate and locking screws to the right femur, and cerclage wires and a plate to the left femur. Postoperative care included antibiotics, analgesics, and anti-inflammatory medications. Suture dehiscence and infection occurred at 42 days post-surgery, requiring additional wound care and antibiotic treatment. Bacteriology identified multidrug-resistant Enterococcus sp. and Enterobacter cloacae. The anesthetic combination and epidural anesthesia, along with the osteosynthesis technique, confirmed efficacy in recovery and rehabilitation.

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