Biodisponibilidade do óxido nítrico e redução da pressão arterial mediada pelo exercício em indivíduos hipertensos

Resumo

The aim of this study was to examine the acute and chronic effects of aerobic and resistance exercises on nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability and to assess its relationship with post-exercise blood pressure reduction in hypertensive individuals. Methodology: A systematic review was conducted using the electronic databases MEDLINE (via PubMed), Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane. Randomized clinical trials that evaluated whether post-exercise NO bioavailability is associated with blood pressure reduction were included. Results: A total of 11 clinical trials met the inclusion criteria, with sample sizes ranging from 17 to 44 individuals, comprising 92 men and 155 women, totaling 247 participants. The sample consisted of individuals diagnosed with systemic arterial hypertension. Eight studies focused on aerobic exercises, while three addressed resistance training. Both resistance exercises and prolonged aerobic exercises were positively correlated with increased NO bioavailability following exercise, which resulted in a significant reduction in blood pressure in hypertensive individuals. The intensity and duration of exercise directly influenced the magnitude of this increase in NO bioavailability, enhancing the beneficial effects on blood pressure. Conclusion: The increase in nitric oxide bioavailability, promoted by both aerobic and resistance exercises, both acutely and chronically, was positively associated with post-exercise blood pressure reduction in hypertensive patients.